Type-writing machine.



G, H, BELL.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Batented Aug. 13, 1912.

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C. H. BELL. y TYP-E WRITING MACHINE. l'APPLICATIONy FILED SEPT. 11, 1905.

Patented Aug. 13, 1912.

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TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

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.1s shown in full lines in UNITED STATES PATENT oFmoE.

CHARLES H. BELL, OF THOMASTON, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO FREDERIC W. A

BILLARD, 0F TOTTENVILLE, NEW YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.` Application led September 11, 1905.

Patented Aug. 1-3, 1912. Serial No. 277,965.

To all whom, it may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. BELL, a resident of Thomaston, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented 4certain new and useful Improvements in Type-lVrit-ing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

ily invention is an improvement in typewriting machines and embraces the arrangement and construction of a carriage and type bar system and connections which are especially adapted for use in a front strike typewriter. y

It further consists in the various details ot construction described in the specification and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, which form a part of the specification, only such parts of the machine are shown as are necessary or convenient to illustrate the invention, and many of the parts are broken away in section, or removed, for clear-ness of illustration in the several views.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine, with many parts removed. Fig. 2 is a plan view of' the'base frame and system of key levers therein. Fig. 3 is a side view of the machine, with many parts removed In the view the carriage is shown in full lines in its lifted, inspection or correction position, and'in dotted'lines in its lower case printing position, with one of the type bars and the interposed ribbon mechanism at the printing point.- Fig. 4 is a detail of the machine shown in Fig. 3. In this view lines in its upper case and the higher printing assumes for lower case printing, 1s indicated by dotted lines. A t-ype bar and the ribbon holding and guiding mechanism are shown at the printing point. Fig. 5 is a side View similar to Fig. 3, excepting that the carriage its lower case printing position; the type bars are all in their normal positions,V ot' rest, and the ribbon holding and guiding mechanisv" is swung forward and down, in its normal position, so as to hold the ribbon down and forward out of line of the view between the operators printing position, position, which it- I and the printing pointat the platen. The

line of vision is indicated by the large dotted '7 is a cross section of v 'chincg tl is a sectional side nectlng wiresfrom the key levers to the the carriage is shown in fullV arrow in this View and in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a plan View of the carriage, supported on the machine above the vbase frame and system of key levers, .which latter pass underneath the carriage to the front of the machine, being pivoted at the rear edge of the machine. In this view the machine is brolten off to the rear of the of the carriage and its supports and running gear, mounted" in the machine above the base frame and key levers. F ig.v 8 is a sectional front view taken through the machine in front of the spi-'stein of connecting wires and rock shafts, which illustrates the type bar system and the method of attaching it to the base frame. This view shows the system of connecting wires from the key levers to the rocltshafts, and the nrock shafts,'on one side of thc maie corresponding setor system of connecting wires on the opposite side of the machine being removed, together with the rock shafts, and none of the type bars nor their connecting wires being shown. Fig. 9

view of the system ot' conrock shafts and of the rock shafts, of Fig. 8. In this view there is also shown the system or set of connecting wires from the rock shafts to the type bars, and the short connecting arms of the type bars; but the long, type bearing arms of the not shown. In this view, also, a portion of the frame of the type bar system is shown; and the platen and a part of the carriage'are shown to illustrate their relation to the type bar system and the fact that the platen is shifted from lower case position to upper case position, in a plane parallel to thathin which the type bar pivots are situated. i ig. l0 is a perspective view of the rock sha t for the K type bar removed fromv themachine and from its tu ular bearing therein. Figs. l0 and 10b are enlarged detail views` of the left hand end ofthe rock shaft of Fig. 10, and of the rocker arm 7J thereof. Fig. ll is a similar view of the rock shaft for the I typ'e bar. F igs.4 11, 1l", 11 and 11l are enlarged detail views of the right hand end type bars are both ends of each rocker rail, and which constitute a device for maintaining the rails at their proper levels and thus the platen -at the proper printing levels, for taking up the endplay of the rails and for varying the 15 position of the rails transversely in the base frame.

In the drawings I 4have not shown the carriage propelling power nr the escapement mechanism; and I have only shown a part of the ribbon holding. and guiding mechanism. Any of the numerous well known mechanisms for performing these f'functions may be used.

Mounted in the base frame 1 are the key levers 2, the latter being pivoted at the rear of the mach' e back of the platen and Y typ`e bar system, and passing thence forward in the horizontal lplane of the machine, terminate in the usual banks of keys at the front of the machine. At their front ends they key levers are lprovided with the keys 3, arranged in banks in the usual order of the Remington standard key board. At their rear ends the key levers are pivoted '35 on the usual fulcrum bar 4 and are sup-- ported normally in their elevated positions by the usual key lever springs 5 (the fulcrum bar and key lever springs being shown in dotted lines in Figs. 4 and 5). .The up- 40 ward movement of the key levers is limited by the usual buffer 6.l A'

At either side of the system of key levers there are located the usual shift key levers 7, having at their front ends the. lower case 4.5 shift keys-8; and outside of the shift key levers are the space bar levers 9, which are attached at their front end. fto the usual space lbar 10. The key lever system, in-

cluding the shift keys and space bar, are of the well known Remington style, and'they are inclosed in a base frame, which, in so far as the key -lev/I4 is concerned, may be similar to that oi fthe'Remington typewriter; although I have shown supporting brackets for the type bar system and carriage frame that are not found in the Remington-machine.

I preferably use a key lever system of the exact width of that of the Remington typewriter, and in .which ythe key levers, their keys, fulcrum and key lever springs arepreferably precisely similar to the corresponding parts in the Remington typewriter. There are three brackets on each side of .rangement provides accurate and easy runthe base frame that together support the carriage and control it at the proper printinglevel, and one supporting bracket for the type bar system on either side of the base frame. The pair of rearmostbrackets 11, at their upper ends form the "pivotal supports for the rear carriage rocker rail 12. The pair 13, next in front of the brackets 11, at their upper ends form the pivotal V'support for the front carriage 75 rocker rail 14. Next ,in front of the brack. ets 13, on the base frame, is the'pair of brackets 15, having the lugs 16 that serve to limit the upper case and lower case shifting movements of the platen and carriage. And in front of the brackets 15 is the pair of brackets 17 which serve as the supports for fastening the frame of the type bar system rigidly to the base frame. The

usual cross bar 18 extends across the base g5 frame transversely and forms the support for the key lever buffer 6.

The front and rear carriage rocker rails are each provided with square, hollow, open frames 19; the two such frames on the ends 90 of the raill 12 being adapted and arranged to take over and inclose the upper ends of the fixed supports or rear brackets 11, and the two such frames on the ends of the front rail 14 being similarly arranged to take 9 over and inclose the upper ends of the fixed supports or brackets 13. Referring particularly to Fig. 15, it will be seen that the upper end of the inclosed bracket is bored out in line with the rocker rail, to receive the pivot pin 20. The pin 20 has a conical polrtt' its inner and a conical female center at its outer end. 'A The ends of the rails 12, 14, within the hollow frames 19, have conical female centers adapted to take in the conical points of the pins 20; and the outer ends ,of the frames are bored out inv line with the pins 20, and threaded and provided with the pivot screws 21, having conical points which are arranged and adapted to be inserted into the outer, female centers of pins 20. In this manner the screws 21, pins 2O and rails 12, 14 (as the case may be)v are all brought into line with and engage each other whenthe screws 21 are inserteddeep enough into the frames 19 to take up the end playof the rails 12, 14; and the device preserves accurate spacing between 'the letters by preventing such end play. Jam nuts 22 are provided for firmly securing the.screws 21 in place after ,they havebeen -inserted to the proper depth to take up suchend play, and set screws 23 arev y also provided to hold the pins rigidly in place in the brackets 11 and Thsl arning pivots for 'the rocker rails, as well as a positive and convenient means for taking up the looseness ordinarily caused by wear in the typewriting machine from long con- .130

Y for any purpose,

extending )in -position, shown-,in ig.

1,035,4oa l tinued use. 1t further ient means for shifting the guide rails endwise in the machine when this is desirable as say for instance, to alter the position of the carriage margin stop.. c

The rails 12, 14 ,are both provided with dependentrocker arms 24 near each end, and the. two arms 24 on each-side of the machine are' linked together' attheir lower ends by the links 25. This device constitutes a parallel rocking movement, whereby, when the front rail 14 isrocked, the rocking movement is transferred Yto the rail 12 which is thus caused to rock to an equal extent. Each of the brackets 13 has an inwardly y 26 and each link 25 has a dependent lug 27 and a spiral spring 28 is attached at its front end tothe pin 26 and at its rear end to the lug 27 at each side ot the carriage; the two springs 28 being thus held constantly under tension, tend to normally draw the links' forward and to thus hold the rocker arms 24 .in their normal, forward position, shown in F 1 and 3. A short distance inside of the dependent` arms 24 each rail 12, 14 is provided, at either sidev of thecarriage, with a forwardly extending rocker arm 29: .there being two such arms to each rail or four in all. The carriagevv supporting and shifting frame comprises the front guide and shift rail 30, the rear guide and shiftl rail 31, and the two. side bars 32 to which both the guide rails are rigidly secured' and which serve to connect them together. The front and'rear guide rails'have short, rearwardly extending lugs at either side of the machine, which at their rear ends are slot-ted to receive the frontends of the rocker arms 29, to which they are hinged by means of small pins 34 fastening them together and per" initt-ing a buckling movement between them. Thus when 'the front carriage guide and shift rail is`depressed from its lower case 3, to the upper case shifted position, shown in Fig. 4, the rocker arms 29 of the front rocker rail 14, will be swung downwardly frointhe position of F ig. front rocker rail 14 and swinging the "dcpendent arms 24 rearwardly together 4with the links 25, land thereby, through the arms 24 of railv 12 and the forwardly extending arms 29 thereof, swinging the guide rail 31 from its lower case position in Fig. 3 to its upper case shifted position in Fig. 4;

I have shown the arms 29 of both rails equal in length 'and parallel with each other; andthe dependent' arms 24 of both rails equal in length and parallel with each other; andiit therefore follows that the shift-ing inoveinentof the carriage supportmg' and shiftingframe will be a parallel movement, as indicated by the dotted line provides a conven- Aof the machine, while the are shifted bv normal, lower case position of Fig. 3,

3 to that of Fig, 4, thus rotatingA t-he position of the carriage in F ig. 4 which it will be seen is parallel with the full line position thereof in the same ligure. Thus the key levers are in the horizontal plane carriage and thc carriage supporting and shifting frame are shown inclined at an oblique angle thereto: but since the carriage and shifting frame a parallel movement. their of the same obliquity in the Y as in the shifted. upper case one of Fig. -l. The shifting movement the carriage supporting `and shitting frame is parallel with vthe plane of the trout and rear rocker rails 12 and 14, orwith-that of the front-and rea-r carriage guide rails and 3l; while the dependent arms 24 vibrate through arcsl substantially at angles thereto. The shifting movement of the carriage is also parallel to the plane in which the type bars are pivot'id.

The carriage supporting and shifting frame is spring pressed normally to its up per position (which is the lower case one) by means of the springs 2S; and it is depressed to its lower position (which is the upper case printing one) by means ot' thc shift key levers 7, which are connected with the front carriage guide and shift rail 250 by meansfof connecting wires 35, which are adplane will be of the carriage` and s -instable in length by the usual lturn buckles` frame in both directions as follow=-1: luto A each end of the shift rail'BO there is threaded-Aa shouldered screw 3T, of smaller body diameter than' that of the rail, and upon these screws are pivotally hung the upper ends of the sliding links 38. These links` are slotted at their lower ends and take over the stationary lugs- 16 of the brackets l5. Each link is provided with bosses above and below the lugs 1G, and into these ari` threaded the adjusting screws 39, which by cont-acting with the lugs 1G, the one below and the other above the lug, determine respectively,the lower case and the upper case printing positions of thecarriagc. means of th adjustability of the case printing/positions of can be regulated/to a nicety.

The carriage comprises an open,l rectangular frame 40, `having a roller 41 jourualed thereon, which runs at the front of the carriage, on the rail 30. At the rear of the carriage frame two rollers 42 are journaled, one at each side, which run on guide and shift rail 31. The' carriage frame also provided at the rear with a third roller 43, whose function is to maintain the carriage frame at all times in its engagement with the shiftprail' 31; and to form in conjunction with the rollers 42, ahinge joint whereby the front end/of the carriage may be swun tend to limit my claims to a ring of type vin advance of the type.

up oil" the frail 30 by hand to raise the carriage to its elevated, inspection and correction position,shown in -full lines in Fig. 3.

The usual platen 44 is supported on the upwardly extendingarms 45 of the carriage frame, being journaled in the upper ends of the arms; and in the shifting movement from lower case to upper case printing position and Vice versa, it is movable transversely to the line of its endwise travel and obliquely to the horizontal plane of the machine, as well as in a plane which may be coincident with or parallel to the plane in which the type Abar pivots are situated;and means, above described, are provided for so at all points in the line of its endwise travel. It. will be seen, by an inspection of the drawings, that the printing point is on a line atthe upper front side of the platen, in view ofthe operators; that the shifting movement of the platen is in an oblique plane, shown as parallel tothe oblique plane in which the type bars are pivoted; and that there are connections between the platen and the shift keys constructed and arranged'to enable the platen to so shift to its two printing positions.'

Pivotally mounted on the inner ends of the pins 26 is the ribbon supporting rocker shaft 46. This shaft is povided with a forwardly and upwardly extending arm 47 which, at its upper end is formed into a ribbon'supporting slot and guide. Through this guide there passes a ribbon which is adapted to be vibrated, by the rocking of the shaft 46, to the platen for printing, upon the depression -of the keys, and -away therefrom and out of the line of vision to expose the letters to View as soon as they have been written. The line of vision is shown through the type bar ring, but I do not inbars. A

The rock shaft is provided, near each end, with short horizontal arms 48, extending rearwardly, which at their rear ends are connected-by the connecting Wires 49, with the universal ribbon operating bail 50, so as to vibrate the ribbon to the vprinting point In order to accurately time the movement of the ribbon guide the lower ends of the'connecting wires 49 are threaded and fitted with nuts 51 beneat-h the bail 50 to adjust the lengths of thel connecting wires.

My typel bar system comprises the type bar .plate o'r ring 52 and all the parts 1nounted thereon. This plate is mounted in a plane oblique to the horizontal plane of the machine and substantiallyparallel to the plane through which the platen vibrates from one printing position to the other ;v and it comprises the central ring to which-the type bar hangers 53 are rigidly fastened by maintaining the typel bar ring rigidlyl in its proper placein the machine; 'lhe arms 52l are notched or shouldered downwardly at their lower ends to fit onto thel tops of 'the supporting brackets 17, which are simitened togetherby .the screws 55.

Pivotally mounted Yinjche hangers 53 are the type bars 56. Theserbars are all arlarly notched upwardly; the two being fas- 'ranged concentrically about the printing shift-ing the platen with theA carriagel at will 'point and are normally inclined away from the platen, toward the front of the machine,

-and are constructed and adapted to strike typewriter; and, in fact, a set of type bars and their hangers might be removed bodily -from a Remington machine and placed in my herein machine, and they would it and opl erate accurately therein. They are therefore preferably pivoted in my machine in a circle of the same diameter as that of 'the Remington typewriter. I wish,'h0wever to have it understood that, while. I have shown this particular arrangement lof bars I do notr intend to limit the other features of'the invention Vto vsuch arrangement, as Imay of course use .typedbars of diferent lengths from'those of the Remington machine and pivot them in. a circle, or in a segment less than a whole circle, of different diameter than that of the'Remington, or arrange the bars in some other line than a circle, as say for instance that of said Patent No. 758,252.

The usual buffer ring 57^is mounted on the type bar plate, being supported thereon by the arms 58 at either side of the machine.`

The type bar springs 59 may, ifdesired, be employed to aid in restoring all of the type bars to their normal positionsafter they have been operated Such springs arer raised to their normal positions against the force gravity.

Since-the key lever system in my machine is, as stated, preferably of a width the same as that of the Remington ke;l lever system,

and since the type bars are also preferably oft-he same length as, and pivoted in a circle oflike diameter as that of the Remington, it follows that the key lever system is considerably Wider than the diameter of the circle in which the type ars are pivoted, because this fact is true of the Remington machine. On the other hand the extreme width of system is the width between the arms 52a,

52a at the sides of the machine; and this width is considerably greater than that of the key lever syste1n,-as clearl Y appears from anhinspection of the drawings. I take advantage of these-ditferences in connecting my key levers -to the type bars, as will appear from the following description: To the short, operating arm of each type bar I hook the rear, lower end of a connecting wire 60, which extends forwardly and upward in a direction substantially parallel with the normal position of the long type bearing arm of the type bar. The front or upper end of each type bar connecting wire in my machine b at one end of type bar rock shaft 6l. The rock shafts 6l are pivotally mounted in tubular bearings 62, which latter are fixedly mounted (by supports or brackets, not shown, that connect them rigidly type bar plate 52, buffer ring 57 or butler ring supporting arms 58, in any convenient manner), on the type bar system in horizontal planes transverse the machine. several rock shafts 6l are thus mounted in transverse, horizontal planes, at different levels conyenient for attachment to the corresponding several type bars, as is clearly shown in Figs. 8 and 9, which. show the Whole series of rock shafts and connecting Wires on one side of the machine. The corresponding series on the opposite side of the machine (not shown) is arranged in a substantially similar manner. I extend a connecting Wire 63 upwardlyfrom eachkey lever to a rocker arm a on each rock shaft 6l, to 'connect each key lever with its type ar. Each rock shaft 6l is provided with two rocker arms a, b, so arrangedand constructed that upon the depression of a key lever the connected type bar will be positively driven thereby to the platen to print, and upon the return of the depressed key lever to its' raised, normal nected type bar will be positively restored thereby to its normal position.

As will be seen in Fig. 9, the `rocker arms a, 6 of the several rock shafts are `of many different lengths and shapes; the purpose of this being for convenience in locating the several rock shafts, and in order toequalize thev extent of depression of the several keys in printing, and to obtain the clearance room necessary and convenient for the several parts and foroperating them Without collisions. In my machine the connections from the several key levers 'to the corresponding type bars are preferably so pro- 5 portioned and constructed that each key my type bai-j to the position, the con-A j will be depressed to an equal extent to drive its connected type bar from its position of rest to the printing point at theplaten. As shown, also, the rocker arm a of each rock shaft is longer than the arm of the same j shaft. As the key levers connected with the keys of different banks are of different lengths, but all fulcrumed in one line' on bar 4, and as the turn buckles Girare connected with the key levers at different 'distances from the common fulcrnm bar, the corresponding lengths and proportions between the arms a, are preferably varied in the several rock shafts to compensate for these variations and thus to give an equal dip to each key for printing. The lower ends of the several connecting wires 63 are threaded into the turn buckles 64, in the usual manner, and are thus adjustable and may be nicely regulated in length as desired. By means of my tystem ofv rock shafts 6l I am also enabled to change the order of connec-` tions from the key levers to the type bars,

the type bar ring will be connected to the key levers at the sides of the machine, and those in the lower half of the ring with the centrally located key levers. The rock shafts also provide a means for transposing the connections of key levers next adjacent to each other to ltype bars which are not so adjacent, as for avoiding collisions writing between letters which are frequent-ly next each other in words. I accomplish .these results by varying the lengths of the rockshafts with respect to each other and by correspondingly varying the levels at which they are respectively situated, etc.; and by placing the arm a at the right hand end of on the same side of being in these eases hand end in other cases themachine', the arm Z1 on the opposite end cases I locate both arms a and on the same end of the shaft, leaving the opposite end Without any rocker arm. I thus connect the series of type bars in the upper, right hand quarter of the circle in the type bar ring, with the group of key levers, from g o K, at the outer right hand quarter of the key lever system; and the series of type bars in the lower right hand quarter'of the circle with the group of key levers, from I to B, at the right hand central quarter of the key lever system. While I have net shown the corresponding system of connections at the left hand side of the machine, they are subvstantially similar to those of the right hand side, as is indicated by the turn buckles G4 on the key levers in Fig. 2.,

For the purposes of illustration and description it Will be convenient to divide my entire set -of type bars into two groups or series, namely: one series of type barsl comprising all those which are located in the in rapid the rock shaft in some cases, and on the left j so that the type bars in the upper half of of the shaft. In other ot-h'er group or series comprises all those` which are located in the lower half orsegment o f the type bar ring and which'are connected with the key levers in the central part of thel machine, namely from I to D inclusive. The first lmentioned series, or

vthat in the upper half of the ring, is of considerably less width than the system of key levers with which it is connected. Hence, in this series, I connect the inner ends/of the rock shafts 61 (i. e.`-those nearest the center of the machine), with the type bar connecting Wires 60, so that in theupper series the arms b, on the rock shaftsat the right hand side of the machine (z'. e., those shown in the drawings) are on the left hand ends of the rock shafts; while on the rock shafts (not shown) on the left hand side of the machine, will be placed on the right hand ends of the rock shafts in order to bring them inline with their type bars. In this way I -am enabled t to arrange each type' bar connecting wire in a direction substantially parallel with the type bearing arm of its type bar and at right angles to the-type bar pivot, so as te secure a direct pull on the bar and to avoid straining sidewise on the pivot. In the same series (z'. e., the bars in the upper half of the ring) I locate the arms a at the outer ends of the rock shafts, and make the rock shafts of such lengths as to'bring each arm a nearly vertical above its key lever. Thus there is, in each instance, a substantially straight pull from the key lever to the rock shaft and thence to the connected type bar.

In order that all of the connecting wires -63, from the upper series of type bars, may

have the necessary clearance room beyond the sides of the type bar ring, to unobstructedly extend from the outer ends of the rock vshafts 61 to the key levers, I may make the rock shafts of such length that they will top ends. Such flaring will not, however,y

extend sidewisc somewhat beyond the key levers with which they are connected, so that the connecting wires will Hare outwardly slightly from their lower ends to the be sufficient to interfere with the proper action of the key levers.

lThe lower series of type bars e., those connected with the key levers' from I to D) is of considerably greater width than that of the series of key levers with which it is connected. Hence I reverse the order of the connections in this series. That is, I place the -arms b at the outer ends of the rock shafts (z'. e., those nearest the sides of the machine) and the arms a on the inner ends ofthe rock shafts,` or toward the center 'are practically inline wlth of the'v machine; excepting that near the system the type barscenter of the ke'y'lever 1r ,keyv and therefore' onv some of the; ockfsh place" both thekey lever connectingand the type bar'conneetingjarm hat' he inner end of the shafts, in'l 1 I other and with their type bar dcoiinecting .wires and keyy levers. Thus therock shafts for the letters B and N have both arms a, b at theinner ends of the shafts.

In this case the shaft is merely provided to give length of bearing. 1

A rock shaft of the first mentioned classe. onein which thev inner end connects with the typebar and the outer end with the key lever,-is shown4 in enlarged per-- spective view in Fig. 1 0; and itis vthere seen that the key lever rocker arm points rear wardly and up, while the type bar connec.t ing arm bpoints forwardly and down; this arrangement of the two arms being made sox i that the arm b will incline or point toward f the center of the type har ring. This arrangement of the two arms 1s practically reversed in theB rock shaft (Fig. 13), the

key lever arm a of which points forwardly and the type bar arm b rearwardly, so that the arm b will incline or point' toward the center of the type'barring in line with the typebearing arm'iof its bar B. TheA loca` tion of the type' bars K and B on opposite sides of the type `bar ring causes this re` versal of the 'arms on the two connected rock shafts; and'it will be seen that the arms a, b are correspondingly arranged, according to the location of their-several bars, on'each rock shaft.

In those rock shafts having arm a at one l end of the shaft and arm'b at the opposite end, I machine ,a tongue on the inner end o f the shaft' and punch a correspondmg perforation on the rocker arm. to take over the tongue, so that I can thus rigidly rlvet the two together, as shown in Flgs. 10a and 10b. I'also machine atongue on the htenends of the same shafts, and 'correspondingly perforate the outer rocker arms.'4 But` 1n stead of riveting the two togetherffIfasten,

them detachably together by means of a screw, as shown in'Figs'. 11'1, 11", 11 and 11d. By this arrnngement'I am enabled'lto readily insert and secure all of the rock shafts in their bearings, as well as to remove any of them therefrom when desired.

A small hole ais shown'in the arm b of A rock shaft K, this servingpto connect one end of the'ltype bar sprin 59 with the rock shaft, the opposite end o the spring being .connected with a lug on the'type bar plate 52:' Both rocker arms are lperforated at their free ends for the lconnecting wires.

In- Fig. 12 it'will be seen that the t pe bar rocker arm o on the rock shaft ,for the type bar printing 8 isy curved upwardly at its 'halt w free end. The reason ot thi'sis rer c1earance purposes (as will be seen from an inspectio-n of Figs. and 9), ,to bring its connected end in line with the typebar which prints S; and so that it can operate that bar without interference with the rock shaft for the type bar printing" the character M, which is located neXt above it. The clear ance bend is suoli that it encirclcs the atljacent rock shat't when it is operated. Several ot' the rocker arms Z) at either lside ot the machine are thus curved for the same purpose.

The key levers O and I are next adjacent to each other in the key lever system; but,

- as the letters O and L very frequently occur next to each other in words, I have separated their type bars in the type bar plate 52 so that they will not collide with each other in the writing operation at high` speed. I do this by making the L rock shaft shorter than its natural length in its series, and the rock shaft for the type bar print-ing longer than its naturalylength in the series,

-so that the rock shafts will aline with the type bars in the' reverse order, and so that I can thus pivotally mount the 'type bar for 2 between the bars tor O and Ii. There; tore while the order of the three key levers in the key lever system is O, L, the order of the type bars on the plate 52 is O, L. That is, I interpose the type bar printing ,J between those printing O and L .respec- In a subtively, and so avoid collisions. stantially` similar manner I have arranged to avoid collisions between the type bars` printing the letters U and N, and between those printing the letters B and Y; the,

N and U, and the order of the connected type bars being RN, H, 7, Y and U. Other collisions can be similarly broken up, at will, by the use ot my system ot rock shafts.

My type barsystem (2'. e., the plate 52, rock shafts 61, type-bars 56, type bar connecting wires 60, type bar springs 59, etc.,) is so arrano'ed and constructed,'as shown, thatit may ne completely assembled and ad'- justed before being mounted in the machine. The kev lever connecting wires constitute an order of the key levers being B, Y, I-I. 7,

elementot the key lever system and serve to operatively and positively connect the key levers with their type bars, and to properly adjust them thereto.

By an inspection of Figs. 2 and 9 it will be seen that I connect the turn buckles to the" type bars/in three double rows transverse the machine and thus all parallel with each Two/ot the rows are on opposite sides ot the-machine and inl line withv each other, while the third row is in the central part of the machine and nearer the key board. The vtentral row is connected with the series of type bars that is pivoted in the lower semi-circle in the type bar plate, eIn-' vK and from E to Q. .thus connected with the type bars in three bracing the bars from I to I) inclusive; while the two rows at the sides ot the machine are connected with the series ot bars in the upper semi-circle, namely from g to The turn buckles are rows in order to bring the connecting wires G3 at about right angles to the connected arms a of the'rock shafts; and the reason why the central row is nearer the key board than the side rows is because of the obliquity of the typebar platefwhereby the lower series of type bars is brought farther forward in the machine than the upper series in the type bar plate. The turn buckles are all connected to the key levers in double or sta ggered rows for clearance purposes; that is, in order to allow more room for manipulating them while being assembled with the type bar system, as well as to lessen the danger of interferences when the machine is being operated.

I contemplate so arranging the arms (z and b o-n the rock shafts 61 that, on the der pression of the keys at a uniform rate Vthroughout the stroke, the connected type bars will loe driven to print at a rate which `gradually accelerates. in speed from their normal positions at the beginning of the stroke to their printing position at the end of the stroke. This tends to ease of operation in the manipulation of the keys in printing. I thus accelerate the speed of the bars while the speed of the key depression, which drives them, remains uniform, as follows: I place the arm a on the rock shat'tin such position that, at about the halt` depression ot the key, the rock shaft arm a will be substantially vertical to the key lever connecting wire 63 .while the arm b yis so placed on the shaft that 'it-is approaching toward a' position vertical to the type bar connecting wire throughout the entire depression, and only arrives at such position on the total depression of the keyr It will .be understood that my rock shaft system is applicable as well for use in ma.- chines in which all of the type bars are pivoted in a .segment less than a wliole circle as say for example the well known Underwood typewrit'er,) as in my herein machine employing a segment constituting' a whole circle for thetype bars. AOr they may be employed in a machine in which the type bars arepivoted in a line 'other than that` ot a circle, as for example the machine shown in said Patent No. 758,252, above referred to. While I have shown the carriage and type bar system mounted in a plane oblique to the horizontal plane of the machine. it will be understood that I do not limit my broader claims to such oblique structure, since they carriage and type bar systems, in many front strike typewriters, are mounted respectively in horizontal and vertical planes,

and my invention is broadly applicable thereto. Nor do I limit my rock shafts toand I do not, therefore, intend to lim'it my self to the details shown.

Having thus described my invention, What l claim and desire to ,secure by Letters atent is:

l. ln a front strike typewriter, the combi'nation, With'the carriage, of a plurality of hey levers mounted in the base frame of the machine, a plurality of type bars pivoted in front of the platen, normally extending toward the front ot' the machine and arralnged to strike rearwardly to the platen, a plurality of tubular bearings extending in a 4horizontal direction in the machine, a plurality oi' rock shafts journaled in said tubular bearings, and each provided'with a rocker arm at one end for connection to one of said key levers and with a second rocker arm at the opposite end for connection to one of said type bars, and operative connections between .the several key' levers and their rocker arms and between the several type bars and their rocker arms.

2'. In a front strike typewriter, the combination, With the carriage, of a plurality of key levers mounted base frame of the machine, a plurality ofyjeebanspivoted in fronto the platen, normally extending 't- Ward the front of the machine and arranged to strike rearwardly to the platen, a plurality of intermediate rock shafts journaled in horizontal planes transyerse the machine and each provided 'with tivo rocker arms, one at each end beyond the bearing in which it is journaled, and a clearance bend'on one of' the said arms arranged to encircle an adjacent rock shaft, and operative connections from each key lever to its rock shaft and thencet'o -l'ie corresponding type bar.

Signed by me at Thomaston, rConn., this 26tlfot' August, 1905. Y A

l CHARLES H. BELL.'

Witnesses F. I. ROBERTS.

'RICHARD Gr. Davis.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

L Washington, D. C." 

